Aldo Moro - il Professore

FEMALE STUDENTS UNIFIED COMMITTEE

The difference between good and evil sets the limits of moral life.

However, it's the individual who is choosing, every single time.

The main goal of the law is to safeguard life itself.

That is why the Civil Code

is the largest list of rights of the individual.

As for the Penal Code,

it spans from rules to the value of life, safeguarded by the law.

Bravo! Well done!

Nice words, sir.

You, the Christian Democrats are destroying social life, though.

What about the victims of the Piazza Fontana or Brescia bombings?

-And all the terror? -Murderers!

Get out!

Officer Leonardi, let her talk. She's got the right. I'm listening.

You've been ruling since forever, therefore an accessory to the bombings.

These crimes are extremely serious.

Because of these, the country risks deviating from its Constitution.

If this didn't happen, it is mostly due

to the surveillance performed by ordinary people.

A great role was played by Catholic people.

We, the Christian Democrats, are ruling the country,

because electors voted for us to do so.

If they decide otherwise, we'll stop.

You just love power.

What do you care about us, working students.

Enough, sir. Now, can you please leave?

Quiet, please. They are absolutely right.

Often, politicians in this country

is detached from society.

I agree. They are locked in their ivory tower.

That's why I try to live inside the society.

How much is a bus ticket, sir?

Two hundred liras for a single ride.

A kilo of pasta?

Six hundred, six hundred fifty. It depends on the brand.

I sometimes cook for myself.

Let's go.

Let's get back to it, shall we?

Aldo Moro's seminars were three times a week,

on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.

He never skipped a class.

After the class, he would spend up to two hours with us

for an informal chat.

This is the most interesting aspect of Moro as a lecturer.

He could be compared to Socrates, who would stay with his disciples.

At least, that's what we thought.

We would talk about movies, or our lives.

We didn't feel like we were talking to someone important.

STUDENT OF ALDO MORO

Or a politician.

He was just our lecturer.

Francesca, when are you finally taking the exam?

I still need some time, sir. I'm a perfectionist, you know that.

Emilio, did you survive the books I gave you?

Yes, I did. And by the way, thanks.

What a nerd.

Riccardo!

When you are not playing tennis, try and read this.

-I added some side notes. -Thanks, sir. I'll definitely catch up…

-Stop laughing! -You are funny.

-Hello. -Hi.

I enjoyed our conversation earlier.

You mean your speech. You were the only one talking.

You can't stop that yet.

-Mr President, we need to go. -Yes.

Have a good day.

One morning, there were riots

between Law students, traditionally right-wing,

and Politics students, traditionally left-wing.

It got physical.

I was worried, because Mr Moro's car was supposed to drive by.

I found it more appropriate to go from the back.

There was a backdoor entry.

He refused, because he claimed they had seen us

and we couldn't let them see us on the retreat.

So we soldiered on, and nothing happened. He was absolutely right.

The students stopped and even let him through.

Good morning, miss.

-Good morning. -Morning.

I recognized you from a picture published on Lotta continua,

during a demonstration.

-Do you read papers from the revolution? -Among other things.

Every criticism should be taken on board, or at least understood.

As long as it doesn't get violent.

It's one of today's topics, should you feel like sitting in my lecture.

Don't you just talk about the law?

I'll talk about rights, including the ones young people are being denied.

Anyway, I'd be glad if you could attend.

The only risk you run is that of falling asleep.

Enjoy your day.

Every time a student would approach him with a question or a comment,

his body language, his posture and the way he talked

would make it absolutely clear

the he was devoting all of his energy to answering the query.

He was extremely kind and sensitive.

Tomorrow morning I'll be taking part to the Christian Democrats Conference.

The speech I'll hold is also about you.

I'll say that the fact that young people don't feel represented by the society

is actually jeopardizing our role.

-What a nerve! -She's the one from the other day.

You guys are at the center of history.

So it's…

from your huge desire of change

and from your sorrow and distress

that the idea of a new humanity can arise.

Allow me to say this is not just a social issue.

It's a spiritual one as well.

The political establishment… We, the politicians…

still have a lot to understand.

We must be able to adjust to your wish for a change.

Nothing human…

can be alien to us.

Let alone you, guys.

You are our future.

Moro was part of history for us.

We were studying History.

When Moro spoke, history itself was speaking.

Maybe it was an exaggeration.

When other politicians spoke, it was just something to report.

Born in Maglie, in 1916, he graduated at the high school in Taranto.

and then at Bari University.

He got his Law degree when he was 21,

and when he was 24, he became the youngest

professor of Philosophy of the Law in Italy.

Moro was a humanistic politician.

He had devoted his life

to studying, and teaching at university.

His interest in politics dates back to the Constituent Assembly.

I believe the Constituent Assembly

has been an interesting season in the Italian political life.

It's an interesting beginning

and a promising one.

We were inspired and enthusiastic.

And confident.

Aldo Moro was one of the members

who mostly influenced the first three articles.

He definitely influenced Article One,

because there was a fight

between Catholic Christian Democrats and the Left.

Mr. Togliatti wanted it to read

"Italy is a workers' democratic republic".

Thanks to Moro's negotiations, the final article reads:

"Italy is a democratic republic founded on labor".

I'm going to read the list of appointed ministers.

THE FIRST MORO GOVERNMENT

"Deputy Prime Minister, Honorable Pietro Nenni."

Moro has always carried out a strategy of inclusion.

His tendency was to privilege

a democratic, popular basis within the system.

This happened both in the 60s, with the Socialists,

and again in the 70s with the Italian Communist Party.

For the first time in 30 years,

the Communists aren't in opposition in the Parliament.

For the first time we had democracy with some alternatives.

Such a massive, deep change raised alarms

both within a significant part of the US,

and within the Soviets.

All Italian conservative parties were also worried.

His very ambitious project

from an ideal point of view,

proved to be very dangerous for his own safety.

MARCH 16TH 1978

Have you realized the importance

of today's decision by the Communists to support the government?

It's just critical. It's the only way to stabilize the country.

Compromising doesn't help.

It does. They're the only way to avoid what happened in Chile.

He did the right thing fighting for this deal.

Tomorrow I'm watching Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid. Coming?

How can you like western movies?

-This one is different. -Yeah, right.

I'll mention it to Mr. Moro. He's a fan, he'll love it.

He might convince you to watch it.

-I strongly doubt. -You'll see.

Block the entrance!

-What's up? -No entry.

We're here for the ceremony. Mr. Moro invited us.

There's been a shooting. Mr. Moro was there.

What? Are you sure?

Is he injured?

We don't know.

Good God.

We've just arrived on the scene where the assault took place.

That day was similar to the September 11 attacks.

Everybody remembers what they were doing.

Here you see the car with the dead bodies of the officers

working as bodyguards…

for Honorable Moro.

I ran to Via Fani.

The scene had already been fenced.

There was a sort of enclosure.

There they asked us,

as we were his students, how many bags Mr. Moro had,

because they were afraid some bags would hide state secrets.

However, we wouldn't know.

The corpses had not been covered yet.

There were no sheets.

There was a huge mayhem.

I remember something incredible.